Oocyte competence is comparable between progestin primed ovarian stimulation with Norethisterone acetate (NETA-PPOS) and GnRH-antagonist protocols: A matched case-control study in PGT-A cycles

Alberto Vaiarelli, Danilo Cimadomo, Alessandro Ruffa, Erika Rania, Erika Pittana, Cinzia Gallo, Alessia Fiorenza, Erminia Alviggi, Simona Alfano, Ramona Carmelo, Elisabetta Trabucco, Carlo Alviggi, Maria Rosaria Campitiello, Laura Rienzi, Filippo Maria Ubaldi, Roberta Venturella

European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Published: December 25, 2023 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.12.035 – VOLUME 294, P4-10, MARCH 2024

Abstract

Objective

To outline oocyte competence after progestin primed ovarian stimulation with Norethisterone acetate (NETA-PPOS) compared to conventional GnRH-antagonist protocol.

Study design

Retrospective matched case-control study involving advanced-maternal-age women undergoing ICSI with PGT-A. 89 NETA-PPOS were matched with 178 control patients based on maternal age and ovarian reserve biomarkers. Both groups underwent recombinant-FSH OS with GnRH-agonist ovulation trigger and collected ≥1 MII. In the study group, NETA (10 mg/day) was administered orally starting from day2 of the menstrual cycle. Euploid blastocyst rate per cohort of metaphase-II oocytes (EBR per MII) was the primary outcome. All other embryological and clinical outcomes were reported. Gestational age, birthweight and length were also assessed.

Results

The EBR per MII was comparable among PPOS and control (13.9 % ± 19.3 % versus 13.3 % ± 17.9 %; the sample size allowed to exclude up to a 10 % difference). Blastocysts morphology and developmental rate were similar. No difference was reported for all clinical outcomes among the 61 and 107 vitrified-warmed euploid single blastocyst transfers respectively conducted. The cumulative live birth delivery rate per concluded cycles was also comparable (24.7 % versus 21.9 %). Neonatal outcomes were analogous.

Conclusions

Oocyte competence after NETA-PPOS and standard OS is comparable. This evidence is reassuring and, because of its lower cost and possibly higher patients’ compliance, supports PPOS administration whenever the patients are indicated to freeze-all (e.g., fertility preservation, PGT-A, oocyte donation). More data are required about follicle recruitment, oocyte yield, gestational and perinatal outcomes. Randomized-controlled-trials are advisable to confirm our evidence.

Keywords

Progestin primed ovarian stimulation
Inhibition of ovulation
PPOS
GnRH-antagonist
Oocyte competence